| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| きょう | kyou | Today |
| きのう | kinou | Yesterday |
| あした | ashita | Tomorrow |
| おととい | ototoi | The Day Before Yesterday |
| あさって | asatte | The Day After Tomorrow |
| けさ | kesa | This Morning |
| よる | yoru | Night |
| ゆうべ | yuube | Last Night |
| せんしゅう | senshuu | Last Week |
| こんしゅう | konshuu | This Week |
| らいしゅう | raishuu | Next Week |
| せんせんしゅう | sensenshuu | The Week Before Last |
| さらいしゅう | saraishuu | The Week After Next |
| せんげつ | sengetsu | Last Month |
| こんげつ | kongetsu | This Month |
| らいげつ | raigetsu | Next Month |
| せんせんげつ | sensengetsu | The Month Before Last |
| さらいげつ | saraigetsu | The Month After Next |
| きょねん | kyonen | Last Year |
| ことし | kotoshi | This Year |
| らいねん | rainen | Next Year |
| おととし | ototoshi | The Year Before Last |
| さらいねん | sarainen | The Year After Next |
| まい～ | mai~ | Every- Prefix |
| まいにち | mainichi | Every Day |
| まいしゅう | maishuu | Every Week |
| まいつき | maitsuki | Every Month |
| まいとし | maitoshi | Every Year |
The prefix sen- means “last”
The prefix kon- means “this-”
The prefix rai- means “next”
Nen and toshi are both roots that mean “year.”
| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| にちようび | nichiyoubi | Sunday |
| げつようび | getsuyoubi | Monday |
| かようび | kayoubi | Tuesday |
| すいようび | suiyoubi | Wednesday |
| もくようび | mokuyoubi | Thursday |
| きんようび | kin’youbi | Friday |
| どようび | doyoubi | Saturday |
The youbi suffix is similar to the -day suffix on the days of the week in English.
Each day is named after something.
Ex: げつようび literally means “moon-day.”
Ex: にちようび literally means “sun-day”
| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ~がつ | ~gatsu | Suffix for Month of Year |
| いちがつ | ichi-gatsu | January |
| にがつ | ni-gatsu | February |
| さんがつ | san-gatsu | March |
| しがつ | shi-gatsu | April |
| ごがつ | go-gatsu | May |
| ろくがつ | roku-gatsu | June |
| しちがつ | shichi-gatsu | July |
| はちがつ | hachi-gatsu | August |
| くがつ | ku-gatsu | September |
| じゅうがつ | juu-gatsu | October |
| じゅういちがつ | juu-ichi-gatsu | November |
| じゅうにがつ | juu-ni-gatsu | December |
Just attach the number of the month to the suffix -gatsu.
| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ふゆ | fuyu | Winter |
| はる | haru | Spring |
| なつ | natsu | Summer |
| あき | aki | Autumn |
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